![]() We can draw a rectangle EFGH around kite ABCD as illustrated below. Because the diagonals of the kite are perpendicular (at right-angles) to one another, the kite can be broken down into two pairs of congruent, right-angled triangles. We can perform a similar exercise with the kite. The rectangle has double the area of the original trapezium By definition, a square is also a rectangle, a parallelogram and a rhombus (see below). The diagonals in a square are of equal length, bisect each other, and are orthodiagonal (i.e. The square is said to be equilateral because all four sides are of equal length (this makes the square both a regular polygon and a regular quadrilateral), and all four internal angles are right-angles (i.e. Square - probably the easiest type of quadrilateral to work with because of its simplicity, and certainly one of the most recognisable.Examples of the various configurations are shown below, together with the name given to each shape and a brief description of its characteristics. Many of the configurations result in shapes that have specific names, and at least some of these names are probably familiar to you. In addition, one or both pairs of opposite sides may be parallel. On the other hand any two or more sides may be equal in length, and any two or more angles may be of the same magnitude. It is perfectly possible to have a quadrilateral in which no two sides and no two angles are the same. Incidentally, it is worth noting that the sum of the internal angles S for any polygon is related to the number of sides n that the polygon has by the following formula:ĭifferent types of quadrilaterals have different properties that are determined by the specific relationship between the sides and angles of the quadrilateral. The sum of the internal angles is always three hundred and sixty degrees ( 360°). As well as having four sides, quadrilaterals have four vertices, four internal angles, and two diagonals (a diagonal is an imaginary line that connects opposite vertices). ![]() Unless otherwise stated, the term quadrilateral is used here to refer only to simple quadrilaterals. There is also a type of quadrilateral called a complex or crossed quadrilateral, which we will talk about later. There are certain characteristics, however, that are common to all simple quadrilaterals. There are several types of quadrilateral, all with their own distinct characteristics. So all other quadrilaterals are irregular.A quadrilateral (from the Latin "quadri", meaning "square" and "latus", meaning "side") is a four-sided polygon (a polygon is a flat, enclosed shape with multiple straight edges). The only regular (all sides equal and all angles equal) quadrilateral is a square. and that's it for the special quadrilaterals. one of the diagonals bisects (cuts equally in half) the other.the diagonals, shown as dashed lines above, meet at.The KiteĮach pair is made of two equal-length sides that join up. (the US and UK definitions are swapped over!)Īn Isosceles trapezoid, as shown above, has left and right sides of equal length that join to the base at equal angles. NOTE: Squares, Rectangles and Rhombuses are allĪ trapezoid (called a trapezium in the UK) has a pair of opposite sides parallel.Īnd a trapezium (called a trapezoid in the UK) is a quadrilateral with NO parallel sides: Also opposite anglesĪre equal (angles "A" are the same, and angles "B" ![]() The ParallelogramĪ parallelogram has opposite sides parallel and equal in length. In other words they "bisect" (cut in half) each other at right angles.Ī rhombus is sometimes called a rhomb or a diamond. The RhombusĪ rhombus is a four-sided shape where all sides have equal length (marked "s").Īlso opposite sides are parallel and opposite angles are equal.Īnother interesting thing is that the diagonals (dashed lines) meet in the middle at a right angle. The SquareĪ square has equal sides (marked "s") and every angle is a right angle (90°)Ī square also fits the definition of a rectangle (all angles are 90°), and a rhombus (all sides are equal length). ![]() ![]() The little squares in each corner mean "right angle"Ī rectangle is a four-sided shape where every angle is a right angle (90°).Īlso opposite sides are parallel and of equal length. Let us look at each type in turn: The Rectangle Some types are also included in the definition of other types! For example a square, rhombus and rectangle are also parallelograms. There are special types of quadrilateral: They should add to 360° Types of Quadrilaterals Try drawing a quadrilateral, and measure the angles. interior angles that add to 360 degrees:.(Also see this on Interactive Quadrilaterals) Properties ![]()
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